Names of Weather Phenomena in English, German, Ukrainian, and Russian.

Abstract

The thesis is devoted to the study of semantics names, which denote natural phenomenain English, German, Ukrainian, and Russian as a reflection of the linguistic picture of the world, as well as the perception of the world through thinking and displaying received information through the language.
The research material contains English, German, Ukrainian, and Russian names of natural phenomena, selected by a method of continuous choiced from English, German, Ukrainian, and Russian explanatory dictionaries. The sample size is 1073 lexical items.
Systematic analysis of the studied languages showed that the linguistic picture of the world plays a role, a general, coherent factor, which forms special pictures of the world. The lexical-semantic field “Natural Phenomena” in English, German, Ukrainian, and Russian shows both similarity and national specificity. This is due to the fact that a person is able to perceive and understand the world, using the language in which the national identity and experience are formed. They indicate the prism through which a person perceives the world and, thus, forms a linguistic picture of the world. As a result, the largest number of synonyms and lexical units has a natural phenomenon that predominates in the studied languages.