Translation of Realiafrom Ukrainian into German (based on belles-lettres writing).

Abstract

In the master’s thesis, the concepts of «realia» are analyzed, various local and foreign researchers’ views on the interpretation of the concept are considered. Moreover, the classification of realias and optimal methods oftheir translation into another language are determined. The essence of the «national and historical color» concept of the country and the reasons for the severity of the transfer of color for another language are revealed. In addition, the grammatical forms of realias, relation and similarity with other lexical units are established along with examples which are given based on the works of Nikolai Gogol.
The realias are analyzed from the novel «Dead Souls» and the collection of short stories «Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka». Provided classification of them and analysis of ways of translation in German language. The difference between German translations of the novel «Dead Souls» are described by the method of comparable analysis.
The analysis of translated examples showed that approximately the entire national and historical color of the novel «Dead Souls» by Nikolai Gogol was handed over by M. Pfeiffer and V. Kazak. In other cases, the translation was adaptive, with the neutralization of realias and an approximation to German culture. Hyperonymous renaming or functional analog is the most used translation method, especially when translating realias denoting clothing, art,culture and the names of dishes. On the other hand, it should be noted that with suchway of translation, a part of the historical and national color is lost. Furthermore, its culturological, linguistic and cultural value, and realia are replaced by a lexeme with a wide range of meaning. Therefore, the translators of the novel «Dead Souls»the collection of short stories «Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka» by Nikolai Gogol could not convey the Gogol flavor.